Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies brought about by mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection. One of the ways that variation occurs is when mutations alter the order of bases in the nucleotides of DNA. Mutations can most definitely be rare and most mutations are probably harmful, but in a few instances the new alleles can be chosen by natural selection. Independent assortment and the Crossing over that happens during meiosis are two other ways that variation occurs.
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